Ubucucike bwa Benzene: Isesengura ryimbitse nimpamvu zabyo
Benzene, nkibintu bisanzwe kama, bigira uruhare runini mubikorwa byimiti. Ubucucike bwa benzene ni kimwe mu bipimo byingenzi byo gusuzuma imiterere yumubiri kandi bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubikorwa bya chimique. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura ubucucike bwa benzene nimpamvu zayo zigira ingaruka kugirango tugufashe kumva neza iki kintu cyingenzi.
1. Ubucucike bwa benzene ni ubuhe?
Ubucucike bwa benzene bivuga ubwinshi kuri ingano ya benzene ku bushyuhe bwihariye nigitutu. Ubusanzwe, ubucucike bwa benzene bugera kuri 0.8765 g / cm³ kuri 20 ° C (ubushyuhe bwicyumba). Agaciro kerekana ko benzene yoroheje muburyo bwamazi, nimwe mumpamvu zituma ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byinganda nubushakashatsi bwa laboratoire. Kugena neza ubucucike ni ngombwa mu ibaruramari ry'ibikoresho, gushushanya no gukora mu gukora imiti.
2. Ingaruka yubushyuhe ku bucucike bwa benzene
Ubushyuhe ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku bucucike bwa benzene. Mugihe ubushyuhe bwiyongera, intera ya molekuline ya benzene iriyongera, bigatuma igabanuka ryubwinshi. Kurugero, ubucucike bwa benzene buragabanuka cyane mubihe biri hejuru yubushyuhe bwicyumba, bisaba kwitabwaho cyane mubikorwa byubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Ibinyuranye, iyo ubushyuhe bugabanutse, ubwinshi bwa benzene bwiyongera. Kubwibyo, mugihe hateguwe uburyo bwa chimique burimo benzene, ingaruka zubushyuhe kumubyimba wa benzene zigomba kwitabwaho byuzuye kugirango harebwe niba umusaruro ukorwa neza.
3. Ingaruka z'umuvuduko ku bucucike bwa benzene
Nubwo ingaruka z'umuvuduko ku bucucike bw'amazi ubusanzwe ari nto, ubucucike bwa benzene buzahinduka ku rugero runaka mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bidasanzwe, nk'ahantu h’umuvuduko ukabije. Kongera umuvuduko bitera intera ya molekuline ya benzene igabanuka, bikavamo kwiyongera gake. Ingaruka z'umuvuduko ku bucucike bwa benzene mubisanzwe ni ntangarugero mugihe gisanzwe gikora imiti, ariko mubisabwa aho benzene ikomatanyirizwa cyangwa ikabikwa kumuvuduko mwinshi, iki kintu kiracyakenewe kwitabwaho.
4. Ubuziranenge nubucucike bwa Benzene
Ubuziranenge bwa benzene nabwo bugira ingaruka ku bucucike bwabwo. Benzene isukuye, uko ubucucike bwayo buri hafi nigiciro cya 0.8765 g / cm³. Niba benzene irimo iyindi myanda cyangwa ibishishwa, ubwinshi bwayo burashobora gutandukana, nibyingenzi cyane mugucunga ibintu bimwe na bimwe byoroshye. Kubwibyo, mu nganda zikora imiti, kubungabunga isuku ryinshi rya benzene ntabwo bifasha gusa kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa, ahubwo binashimangira neza ibipimo byubucucike.
5. Ingaruka zifatika mubisabwa
Gusobanukirwa n'ubucucike bwa benzene nibintu bigira ingaruka ningirakamaro cyane mubikorwa bifatika mubikorwa bya shimi. Kurugero, ubucucike nibintu byingenzi mugushushanya no gukora bya reaktor, ibikoresho byo gutandukanya hamwe nu miyoboro igena ibiranga amazi no gukora neza. Ubucucike nabwo bukoreshwa cyane mukubara ibintu bifatika, nibyingenzi mugutezimbere uburyo bwo gutunganya imiti. Kubwibyo rero, gusobanukirwa neza nubucucike bwa benzene nibintu bifitanye isano nayo bifite akamaro kanini mugutezimbere umusaruro wimiti nubwiza bwibicuruzwa.
Umwanzuro
Isesengura rirambuye ryubucucike bwa benzene nibintu bigira ingaruka byerekana akamaro k'umutungo wumubiri mugukoresha imiti. Ibintu nkubushyuhe, umuvuduko nubuziranenge byose bigira ingaruka kubucucike bwa benzene, mubikorwa rero, gusuzuma neza ibyo bintu birashobora gufasha gutunganya umusaruro no kwemeza ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa. Gusobanukirwa no kumenya ubumenyi bujyanye n'ubucucike bwa benzene bizatanga inkunga ikomeye kubakora imiti mubikorwa byabo bifatika.