Polyethylene afite ubwoko butandukanye bwibicuruzwa bishingiye ku buryo bwo guhinga, urugero rwa molecular, n'urwego rw'ibiro. Ubwoko busanzwe burimo-ubucucike bwa polyethylene (hdpe), ubucucike bwa polyethylene (ldpe), hamwe numurongo-ubucucike bwa polyethylene (LLDPE).
Polyethylene ni impumuro nziza, idafite uburozi, yumva nk'ibishashara, ifite ubushyuhe buhebuje bw'igishashara, umutekano mwiza wa chimique, kandi ushobora kwihanganira isuri ya acide nyinshi na alkalis. Polyethylene irashobora gutunganywa hakoreshejwe inshinge, kubumba bubi, hamwe nubundi buryo bwo kubyara ibicuruzwa nka firime, imiyoboro, imiyoboro, imigozi, imigozi, hamwe na fibre.
Biteganijwe ko ubukungu bwisi yose buzagabanuka. Kurwanya inyuma yifaranga ryifaranga ryinshi, gukoresha nintege nke nibisabwa biragabanuka. Byongeye kandi, ikigega cya federasiyo gikomeje guteza imbere inyungu, politiki y'amafaranga ni imbaraga, kandi ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa biri mu gitutu. Byongeye kandi, amakimbirane y'Uburusiya-Ukraine arakomeje kandi ibyiringiro biracyasobanutse. Igiciro cyamavuta yubukorikori kirakomeye, kandi ikiguzi cya pe ibicuruzwa kiracyari hejuru. Mu myaka yashize, Pepution yabaye mu gihe cyo kwagura ibikorwa bikomeza kandi byihuse, kandi kumanuka byanyuma yibicuruzwa byatinze gukurikirana amategeko. Gusaba gutanga amasoko byabaye kimwe mubibazo byingenzi mugutezimbere inganda za Pe Inganda kuriki cyiciro.
Isesengura no guhanura kwa Polyethylene no gusaba
Ubushobozi bwa polyethylene kwisi bukomeje kwiyongera. Muri 2022, ubushobozi bwa polyethylene ku isi bwarenze toni miliyoni 140 ku mwaka, ku mwaka mu gihe cyo kwiyongera k'umwaka 6.1%, hamwe n'igihe cyo kwiyongera k'umwaka 2.1% mu musaruro. Impuzandengo y'ikigereranyo cy'igice yari 83.1%, igabanuka rya 3.6 ijanisha ugereranije numwaka ushize.
Northeast Asia accounts for the largest proportion of world polyethylene production capacity, accounting for 30.6% of the total polyethylene production capacity in 2022, followed by North America and the Middle East, accounting for 22.2% and 16.4% respectively.
Abagera kuri 47% yubushobozi bwumusaruro wa Poloyethylene bwisi bwibanze mumisoro icumi ya mbere yumusaruro hamwe nubushobozi bwumusaruro. Muri 2022, hari ibigo bya polyethylene 200 byingenzi byatanzwe kwisi. ExxonMobil ni iyishinga minini ya polyethylene ku isi isigaye, ibaruramira hafi 8 8.0% yubushobozi bwumusaruro. DOW na sinopec bashyizwe ku mwanya wa kabiri na gatatu.
Muri 2021, ingano mpuzamahanga ya Polyethylene yari miliyari 85.75 z'amadolari y'Amerika, mu gihe cyo kwiyongera k'umwaka 40.8%, hamwe n'igitabo cyose cy'ubucuruzi cyabaye toni miliyoni 57.77, ku gace k'umwaka 7.3%. Duhereye ku giciro, impuzandengo yo kohereza ibicuruzwa muri polyethylene ku isi ni 1484.4 y'amadorari y'Amerika kuri toni, amafaranga y'umwaka yo kwiyongera k'umwaka 51.9%.
Ubushinwa, Amerika, n'Ububiligi ni bo bakomeye ku isi kwa Poyikiyifusi, ibaruramira 34,6% by'ibihugu byinjira mu mahanga byose; Amerika, Leta ya Arabiya Sawudite, n'Ububiligi ni ibihugu bikuru byohereza hanze ya Polyethylene ku isi, ibarura 32.7% by'ibicuruzwa byose byoherezwa mu mahanga.
Ubushobozi bwomero bwa polyethylene kwisi buzakomeza gukura byihuse. Mu myaka ibiri yakurikiyeho, isi izongera toni zirenga miliyoni 12 zubushobozi bwumusaruro wa polyethylene kumwaka, kandi iyi mishinga ni imishinga ihuriweho ifatanije nibimera bya Evestream. Biteganijwe ko kuva 2020 kugeza 2024, impuzandengo y'imikurire ya Polyethylene izaba 5.2%.
Ibihe biteganijwe na Polyyethylenetanga no gusaba mubushinwa
Ubushobozi bwa Polyethylene bwubushinwa nibisohoka byiyongereye icyarimwe. Muri 2022, ubushobozi bwa Polyethylene cy'Ubushinwa bwiyongereye ku mwaka wa 11.2% by'umwaka no mu musaruro byiyongereyeho 6.0% by'umwaka. Kugeza ku mpera za 2022, hari ibigo byasangwa hafi ya 50 muri polyethylene mu Bushinwa, kandi ubushobozi bushya bwo kubyaza umusaruro mu Bushinwa, ahanini harimo ibice nka Sinapec Zhenhai Zhenhai Zhenhai Zhenhai Zhenhai, na ZheingGang Petrochemical.
Imbonerahamwe yo kugereranya umusaruro wa Polyethylene mu Bushinwa kuva 2021 kugeza 2023

Ubwiyongere bugaragara bwa polyethylene ni ntarengwa, kandi igipimo cyo kwihaza kikomeza gukura. Muri 2022, igaragara ryakoreshejwe polyethylene mubushinwa ryiyongereyeho 0.1% yumwaka-kumwaka, kandi igipimo cyo kwihaza cyiyongereyeho 3.7 kumwaka ushize.
Igicuruzwa cya polyethlene mu Bushinwa cyagabanutse umwaka umwe, mugihe amajwi yoherezwa mu mahanga yongerewe mu mwaka. Muri 2022, Polyethylene yatumijwemo igitabo cyagabanutseho 7.7% umwaka-ku mwaka; Umubumbe wohereza ibicuruzwa hanze wiyongereyeho 41.5%. Ubushinwa bukomeza kuba umututsi wa Polyethylene. Ubushinwa bwa Polyethylene bwatumije mu bubiko bushingiye cyane cyane ku bucuruzi rusange, ibaruramari 82.2% by'ibicuruzwa byose byatumijwe mu mahanga; Ibikurikira ni ibicuruzwa byo gutunganya, kubara 9.3%. Ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga ahanini biva mu bihugu cyangwa mu turere nka Arabiya Sawudite, Irani, na United Arabites, ibaruramira hafi 49.9% by'ibihugu byose bitumizwa mu mahanga.
Polyethylene ikoreshwa cyane mubushinwa, hamwe na konte ya firime hejuru ya kimwe cya kabiri cyuzuye. Muri 2022, film yoroheje ikomeza gusaba umurima wa Polyethylene mu Bushinwa, hakurikiraho ibishushanyo mbonera, imyirondoro ya pie, umpongo n'indi mirima.
Ubushinwa Polyethylene buracyari murwego rwo gukura vuba. Nk'uko imibare ituzuye, Ubushinwa burateganya kongeramo ibice 15 by'ibiti bya polyethylene mbere ya 2024, hamwe n'ubushobozi bw'inyongera bwo gutanga umusaruro wa toni zirenga 8 ku mwaka.
2023 PE IGIKORWA CY'IMIKORANZI

Kugeza ku ya 2023 Gicurasi, ubushobozi bwuzuye bwo kubyara amabere yimbere mu gihugu bwageze kuri toni zigera kuri miliyoni 30.61. Ku bijyanye na Pe Kwaguka muri 2023, biteganijwe ko ubushobozi bwo kubyara buzaba miliyoni 3.75 ku mwaka. Kugeza ubu, Guangdong Petrochemical, Hainan itunganya n'imiti, na Shandong Jinhai imiti yashyize mu bikorwa, hamwe n'ubushobozi rusange bwa Tons miliyoni 2.2. Harimo igikoresho cyuzuye cya toni miliyoni 1.1 hamwe nigikoresho cya HDPE cya toni miliyoni 1.1, mugihe igikoresho cya ldpe kitarashyirwa mubikorwa byumwaka. Mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka ukurikira, haracyariho toni 1.55 zamato ya miliyoni 1.55 zangiza ibikoresho, birimo toni miliyoni 1.25 z'ibikoresho bya HDPE n'ibikoresho 300000 by'ibikoresho bya LEDPE. Biteganijwe ko ubushobozi bw'Ubushinwa bugera kuri toni 32.16 kuri 2023.
Kugeza ubu, hari kwivuguruza gukomeye hagati yo gutanga no gusaba PE mubushinwa, hamwe nubushobozi bwumusaruro wibikorwa byumusaruro mushya mubyiciro byanyuma. Ariko, inganda zamanutse zihura nigiciro cyibiciro fatizo, ibicuruzwa bike, nibibazo byo kwiyongera kwibiciro kumpera; Kugabanuka kwinjiza amafaranga hamwe nibiciro byingenzi byo gukora byatumye amafaranga akomeye yinjira, kandi mu myaka yashize, hashyizweho politiki y'ifaranga yashize, kandi bidakomeye mu bucuruzi bw'amahanga ku bicuruzwa. Ibicuruzwa byo hasi byibicuruzwa, nkibicuruzwa bya pe ibicuruzwa, biri mugihe cyibibazo byinganda bitewe no gutanga no gusaba ubusumbane. Ku ruhande rumwe, bakeneye kwitondera ibisabwa gakondo, mugihe gitegura ibisabwa bishya no gushaka icyerekezo cyoherezwa mu mahanga cyabaye
Kuva kugabura igice cya Dowportrom Pe Kunywa Ubushinwa, hakurikiraho ibipimo byinshi ni film, hakurikiraho ibyiciro byibicuruzwa, umuyoboro, umugozi, ibishushanyo mbonera, nibindi byinganda za firime, Imbere ni film yubuhinzi, firime yinganda, hamwe na firime yo gupakira ibicuruzwa. Ariko, mumyaka yashize, icyifuzo cya firime gakondo cya firime cyagiye bisimburwa buhoro buhoro na plastiki bitesha agaciro kubera amabwiriza make ya plastike. Mubyongeyeho, inganda za firime zipakiye kandi mugihe cyo guhindura imiterere, nikibazo cyo gukabya mubicuruzwa biri hasi biracyakomeye.
Gutera inshinge, umuyoboro, umwobo n'izindi nganda bifitanye isano rya bugufi n'ibikenewe mu bikorwa remezo n'ubuzima bwa gisivili buri munsi. Mu myaka yashize, kubera ibintu nk'ibitekerezo bibi by'abaguzi baturutse mu baturage, iterambere ry'inganda z'ibicuruzwa ryahuye n'inzitizi z'inzitizi, kandi hahuye n'inzitizi z'ibicuruzwa, ndetse no gukurikirana ibicuruzwa bidasubirwaho nabyo byatumye ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byanatumye habaho gutinda mu mikurire muri Igihe gito.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gukura bwa pemeric PE ejo hazaza
Mubyukuri, kuri Kongere ya 20 yigihugu mu mpera za 2022, hatanzwe ingamba zitandukanye zo gukangurira icyifuzo cyo murugo, intego yo gufungura ikwirakwizwa ryimbere mubushinwa. Byongeye kandi, byavuzwe ko kongera igipimo cyimijyi no gukora inganda bizazana ibisabwa kuri pe ibicuruzwa bivuye mubikorwa byo kuzamurwa imbere imbere. Byongeye kandi, kuruhuka byuzuye, gukira ubukungu, no gutegerego mu rwego rwo kwiyongera gusaba kuzenguruka imbere nabyo bitanga ingwate za politiki kubwo kugarukira mu gihugu.
Kuzamura abaguzi byagaragaye ko hagaragaye icyifuzo cyo kugaragara, ibisabwa byinshi kuri plastike mu mirima nk'imodoka, amazu y'ubwenge, amazu meza, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, na gari ya mocortoronike. Ubwiza buhebuje, Imikorere yo hejuru, n'ibikoresho by'imiterere y'ibidukikije byabaye guhitamo. Ingingo zo gukura kubisabwa ejo hazaza ahanini ahantu hane, harimo gukura mu nganda zo gutanga raporo, film yo gupakira iterwa na e-ubucuruzi, hamwe nibinyabiziga bishya byingufu, ibice, nubuvuzi. Haracyariho amahirwe yo gukura kuri pe.
Mu rwego rwo gusaba hanze, hari ibintu byinshi bitazwi, nk'ibihugu by'Ubushinwa, Politiki y'inzego za Leta, Ibikorwa bya politiki ya Geopoli, Ibikurikira Kuri ubu, Ubuhinde busaba ibicuruzwa byo hasi ibicuruzwa. Mu rwego rw'ibicuruzwa bisozwa byo hejuru, ubuhanga bwinshi n'ikoranabuhanga biracyafite mu maboko y'ibicuruzwa by'amahanga, kandi ikoranabuhanga riva mu bicuruzwa bisoza bikabije, bityo bikaba ari byiza cyane ku gicuruzwa cy'ejo hazaza Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, aho amahirwe n'ibibazo bifitanye isano. Ibigo byo murugo biracyafite udushya twihangana nikoranabuhanga.