Vinyl acetate (VAc), izwi kandi nka vinyl acetate cyangwa vinyl acetate, ni amazi atagira ibara kandi abonerana mubushyuhe bwicyumba hamwe nigitutu. Nka kimwe mu bikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikoreshwa mu nganda, VAc irashobora kubyara polyvinyl acetate resin (PVAc), inzoga za polyvinyl (PVA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN) n’ibindi bikomokaho binyuze muri polymerisation cyangwa copolymerisation hamwe n’abandi ba monomor. Ibikomokaho bikoreshwa cyane mubwubatsi, imyenda, imashini, imiti nubutaka.

Muri rusange Isesengura rya Vinyl Acetate Urunigi

Inzira yo hejuru yinganda za vinyl acetate igizwe ahanini nibikoresho fatizo nka acetylene, acide acetike, Ethylene na hydrogène, nibindi. Uburyo nyamukuru bwo gutegura bugabanijwemo ubwoko bubiri: bumwe nuburyo bwa peteroli etilene, bukorwa muri Ethylene, acide acetike na hydrogène, kandi bugira ingaruka kumihindagurikire yibiciro bya peteroli. Imwe muriyo ni ugutegura acetylene na gaze kariside cyangwa kariside ya calcium, hanyuma hamwe na synthesis ya acetike ya vinyl acetate, gaze naturel igiciro gito ugereranije na kariside ya calcium. Hasi cyane ni ugutegura inzoga za polyvinyl, latex yera (polyvinyl acetate emulsion), VAE, EVA na PAN, nibindi, inzoga za polyvinyl nicyo gikenewe cyane.

1 、 Hejuru yibikoresho fatizo bya vinyl acetate

Acide acetike nurufunguzo rwibanze rwibanze rwa VAE, kandi ikoreshwa ryayo rifitanye isano rikomeye na VAE. Imibare iragaragaza ko kuva mu mwaka wa 2010, Ubushinwa bugaragara ko bukoresha aside ya asike muri rusange bugenda bwiyongera, gusa mu 2015 n’inganda zazamutse cyane kandi impinduka zikenewe zaragabanutse, 2020 igera kuri toni miliyoni 7.2, yiyongereyeho 3,6% ugereranije na 2019. Hamwe na vinyl acetate yo hepfo hamwe n’ibindi bicuruzwa bifite imiterere ihinduka, igipimo cy’imikoreshereze cyiyongereye, inganda za acide acike muri rusange zizakomeza kwiyongera.

Kubijyanye na porogaramu zo hasi, 25,6% ya acide acetike ikoreshwa mugukora PTA (acide terephthalic acide), 19.4% ya acide acetike ikoreshwa mugukora vinyl acetate, naho 18.1% ya acide acetike ikoreshwa mukubyara Ethyl acetate. Mu myaka yashize, imiterere yinganda zikomoka kuri acide acike yagiye ihinduka neza. Vinyl acetate ikoreshwa nkimwe mubice byingenzi bikoreshwa munsi ya acide acike.

2. Imiterere yo hasi ya vinyl acetate

Vinyl acetate ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora inzoga za polyvinyl na EVA, n'ibindi. amarangi, wino, gutunganya uruhu, emulisiferi, firime zishonga amazi, hamwe nubutaka bwubutaka mumiti, imyenda Ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha mubikoresho bya shimi, imyenda, inganda zoroheje, gukora impapuro, ubwubatsi n’imirima yimodoka. Amakuru yerekana ko 65% ya vinyl acetate ikoreshwa mu gukora inzoga za polyvinyl naho 12% ya vinyl acetate ikoreshwa mu kubyara acetate ya polyvinyl.

Isesengura ryibihe byisoko rya vinyl acetate

1 capacity Ubushobozi bwo kubyara Vinyl acetate nigipimo cyo gutangira

Kurenga 60% byubushobozi bwa vinyl acetate ku isi byibanda mu karere ka Aziya, mu gihe Ubushinwa butanga umusaruro wa vinyl acetate bugera kuri 40% by’umusaruro rusange ku isi kandi ni cyo gihugu kinini ku isi gitanga vinyl acetate. Ugereranije nuburyo bwa acetylene, uburyo bwa Ethylene nubukungu kandi bwangiza ibidukikije, hamwe nibicuruzwa byiza. Kubera ko ingufu z’inganda z’imiti mu Bushinwa zishingiye cyane cyane ku makara, umusaruro wa vinyl acetate ushingiye ahanini ku buryo bwa acetylene, kandi ibicuruzwa ni bike cyane. Ubushobozi bwo gukora vinyl acetate yo mu gihugu bwagutse cyane muri 2013-2016, mugihe butagihinduka muri 2016-2018. 2019 Uruganda rwa vinyl acetate mu Bushinwa rugaragaza imiterere y’ubushobozi bw’ubushobozi, hamwe n’ubushobozi burenze urugero muri calcium karbide acetylene itunganyirizwa hamwe n’inganda nyinshi. 2020, Ubushinwa butanga umusaruro wa vinyl acetate ingana na toni miliyoni 2.65 / mwaka, umwaka ushize.

2 use Gukoresha Vinyl acetate

Ku bijyanye n’ikoreshwa ry’imikoreshereze, Vinyl acetate y’Ubushinwa muri rusange yerekana ihindagurika ry’izamuka, kandi isoko rya vinyl acetate mu Bushinwa ryagiye ryiyongera gahoro gahoro bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’ibikenerwa na EVA yo mu majyepfo, n'ibindi. ya 2020 hasi yageze kuri toni miliyoni 1.95, yiyongereyeho 4.8% ugereranije na 2019.

3 、 Igiciro cyo hagati yisoko rya vinyl acetate

Urebye ibiciro by'isoko rya vinyl acetate, byatewe n'ubushobozi burenze, ibiciro by'inganda byakomeje kuba byiza muri 2009-2020. 2014 kubera kugabanuka kw'ibicuruzwa byo hanze, ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa byiyongereye cyane, ibigo byimbere mu gihugu byagura cyane umusaruro, bikaviramo ubushobozi bukabije. Ibiciro bya Vinyl acetate byagabanutse cyane muri 2015 na 2016, naho muri 2017, kubera politiki yo kurengera ibidukikije, ibiciro by’inganda byazamutse cyane. 2019, kubera itangwa rihagije ku isoko ryo hejuru rya acide acike no gutinda gukenerwa mu nganda zubaka zo hasi, ibiciro by’inganda byagabanutse cyane, kandi muri 2020, byibasiwe n’iki cyorezo, igiciro cy’ibicuruzwa cyaragabanutse cyane, kandi guhera muri Nyakanga 2021, ibiciro ku isoko ry’iburasirazuba byageze ku bihumbi birenga 12.000 Izamuka ry’ibiciro ni rinini, ibyo bikaba ahanini biterwa n’ingaruka z’amakuru meza y’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa bituruka ku isoko ndetse no kugabanuka kw’isoko rya rusange.

Incamake ya Ethyl Acetate

Ethyl acetate y’inganda z’abashinwa igice cy’ibiti bine bya Sinopec bifite ubushobozi bwa toni miliyoni 1.22 / umwaka, bingana na 43% by’igihugu, naho itsinda rya Anhui Wanwei rifite toni 750.000 / umwaka, bingana na 26.5%. Igice cyashowe mu mahanga Nanjing Celanese toni 350.000 / ku mwaka, bingana na 12%, naho igice cyigenga Imbere muri Mongoliya Shuangxin na Ningxia Dadi hamwe na toni 560.000 / umwaka, bingana na 20%. Muri iki gihe uruganda rukora vinyl acetate ruherereye mu majyaruguru y’iburengerazuba, Ubushinwa bw’Uburasirazuba n’Amajyepfo y’Uburengerazuba, aho ubushobozi bw’amajyaruguru y’iburengerazuba bugera kuri 51,6%, Ubushinwa bw’iburasirazuba bungana na 20.8%, Ubushinwa bw’Amajyaruguru bugera kuri 6.4% naho Uburengerazuba bw’Amajyepfo bugera kuri 21.2%.

Isesengura rya vinyl acetate

1 、 EVA kumanuka ikenera kwiyongera

EVA kumanuka wa vinyl acetate irashobora gukoreshwa nka firime ya PV selile. Nk’uko bitangazwa n’urusobe rushya rw’ingufu ku isi, EVA ikomoka kuri Ethylene na vinyl acetate (VA) monomers ebyiri na reaction ya copolymerisation, igice kinini cya VA muri 5% -40%, bitewe n’imikorere myiza yacyo, ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa cyane mu ifuro, ifiriti yamenetse, ibikoresho byo gupakira, kuvanga inshinge, ibivanga hamwe na feri ya foto ya fotora, mwaka, benshi mu bakora uruganda rukora module batangaje ko bongerewe umusaruro, kandi hamwe no gutandukanya ubunini bwa moderi ya fotovoltaque, igipimo cy’ibice bibiri by’ibirahuri byinjira mu buryo bwiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara, icyifuzo cy’amafoto y’amashanyarazi arenze iterambere ryateganijwe, bigatuma iterambere rya EVA ryiyongera. Biteganijwe ko toni 800.000 z’ubushobozi bwa EVA zizashyirwa mu bikorwa mu 2021.Nk'uko bigereranijwe, ubwiyongere bwa toni 800.000 z’ubushobozi bw’umusaruro wa EVA buzatuma buri mwaka izamuka rya toni 144.000 za vinyl acetate ikenerwa, ibyo bikazatera buri mwaka kwiyongera kwa toni 103.700 za acide acide.

2 、 Vinyl acetate birenze ubushobozi, ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru biracyakenewe gutumizwa mu mahanga

Ubushinwa bufite ubushobozi bwa vinyl acetate muri rusange, kandi ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru biracyakenewe gutumizwa mu mahanga. Kugeza ubu, itangwa rya vinyl acetate mu Bushinwa rirenze icyifuzo, hamwe n'ubushobozi burenze urugero ndetse n'umusaruro ukabije ushingiye ku byoherezwa mu mahanga. Kuva kwagura umusaruro wa vinyl acetate mu 2014, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga vinyl acetate mu Bushinwa byiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara, kandi bimwe mu bicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga byasimbuwe n’ubushobozi bw’imbere mu gihugu. Byongeye kandi, ibyoherezwa mu Bushinwa ahanini ni ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hasi, mu gihe ibitumizwa mu mahanga ahanini ari ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Kugeza ubu, Ubushinwa buracyakeneye gushingira ku bicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu mahanga, kandi inganda za vinyl acetate ziracyafite umwanya wo kwiteza imbere ku isoko ry’ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru.