Fenolni ibikoresho byingenzi kama ngengabuzima, bikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bya shimi, nka plastiki, reberi, imiti, imiti yica udukoko, nibindi. Ni ngombwa rero kumenya ibikoresho fatizo bya fenol.
Ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora fenol ahanini birimo benzene, methanol na aside sulfurike. Benzene ni ibikoresho ngengabuzima byingenzi cyane, bishobora gukoreshwa mugukora ibintu byinshi byimiti, nka fenol, aniline, acetofenone nibindi. Methanol nigikoresho cyingenzi kama kama, gishobora gukoreshwa mugukora ibintu bitandukanye hamwe na ogisijeni irimo amatsinda akora. Acide ya sulfure ni aside ikomeye idasanzwe, ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikora imiti n’inganda zindi.
Inzira yo gukora fenol muri benzene, methanol na aside sulfurike iragoye cyane. Ubwa mbere, benzene na methanol bifatwa nkigikorwa cya catalizator kugirango itange cumene. Hanyuma, cumene iba oxyde imbere yumwuka kugirango ikore hydroperoxide. Hanyuma, hydroperoxide ya cumene ikorwa hamwe na acide sulfurike ivanze kugirango ikore fenol na acetone.
Muburyo bwo gukora fenol, guhitamo catalizator ni ngombwa cyane. Catalizator ikoreshwa cyane harimo aluminium chloride, aside sulfurike na aside fosifori. Byongeye kandi, imiterere yimikorere nkubushyuhe, umuvuduko hamwe nibitekerezo nabyo bigira ingaruka kumusaruro nubwiza bwibicuruzwa.
Muri rusange, ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora fenol biragoye, kandi inzira zirakomeye. Kugirango tubone ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge kandi bitanga umusaruro mwinshi, birakenewe kugenzura neza ubwiza bwibikoresho fatizo nuburyo ibintu byifashe. Byongeye kandi, birakenewe kandi kuzirikana kurengera ibidukikije n'umutekano mugikorwa cyo kubyaza umusaruro. Kubwibyo, mugihe dukoresheje fenol nkibikoresho fatizo kugirango tubyaze umusaruro imiti itandukanye, dukwiye kwitondera izi ngingo kugirango tumenye neza ko dushobora kubona ibicuruzwa byiza kandi bitanga umusaruro mwinshi mugihe turinda ibidukikije numutekano.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-12-2023