Fenolni ingirakamaro cyane yibikoresho ngengabuzima, bifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha mu nganda zikora imiti nizindi nzego.Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura tunaganira ku bicuruzwa byingenzi bya fenol.

dukeneye kumenya icyo phenol aricyo.Fenol ni hydrocarbon ya aromatic ivanze na molekile ya C6H6O.Nibara ritagira ibara cyangwa ryera kristaline ikomeye ifite impumuro idasanzwe.Fenol ikoreshwa cyane nkibikoresho fatizo mu gukora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye by’imiti, nka bispenol A, resin fenolike, n’ibindi. , fibre, firime, nibindi. Byongeye kandi, fenol nayo ikoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo byo gukora imiti, imiti yica udukoko, amarangi, surfactants nibindi bicuruzwa bivura imiti.

Kugirango twumve ibicuruzwa byingenzi bya fenol, tugomba mbere na mbere gusesengura imikorere yabyo.Igikorwa cyo gukora fenol muri rusange kigabanyijemo intambwe ebyiri: intambwe yambere ni ugukoresha itara ryamakara nkibikoresho fatizo kugirango bitange benzene binyuze muburyo bwa karubone no kuyitandukanya;intambwe ya kabiri ni ugukoresha benzene nkibikoresho fatizo kugirango ubyare fenol binyuze muburyo bwa okiside, hydroxylation na distillation.Muri ubu buryo, benzene iba oxyde kugirango ikore aside fenolike, hanyuma aside fenolike irusheho kuba okiside kugirango ikore fenol.Byongeye kandi, hari ubundi buryo bwo gukora fenol, nko kuvugurura catalitike ya peteroli cyangwa gaze ya gaze.

Nyuma yo gusobanukirwa nuburyo bwo gukora fenol, dushobora kurushaho gusesengura ibicuruzwa byingenzi.Kugeza ubu, ibicuruzwa byingenzi bya fenoline ni bispenol A. Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, bispenol A ikoreshwa cyane mu gukora epoxy resin, plastike, fibre, firime nibindi bicuruzwa.Usibye bispenol A, hari nibindi bicuruzwa byingenzi bya fenol, nka diphenyl ether, umunyu wa nylon 66, nibindi. Diphenyl ether ikoreshwa cyane nkibikoresho bya pulasitiki birwanya ubushyuhe kandi bikora cyane kandi byongewe mubikorwa bya elegitoroniki;nylon 66 umunyu urashobora gukoreshwa nka fibre ikomeye cyane na plastike yubuhanga mubice bitandukanye nkimashini, ibinyabiziga nindege.

Mu gusoza, ibicuruzwa nyamukuru bya fenoline ni bispenol A, ikoreshwa cyane mugukora epoxy resin, plastike, fibre, firime nibindi bicuruzwa.Usibye bispenol A, hari nibindi bicuruzwa byingenzi bya fenol, nka diphenyl ether na nylon 66 umunyu.Kugirango uhuze ibikenewe mubice bitandukanye byokoreshwa, birakenewe guhora tunoza imikorere yumusaruro nubwiza bwibicuruzwa bya fenol nibicuruzwa byingenzi.