Ihame ryakazi ryinkingi ya distillation muburyo burambuye
Nkibikoresho bisanzwe kandi bikomeye mubikorwa bya shimi, inkingi za distillation zikoreshwa cyane muri peteroli, imiti, imiti nizindi nzego. Gusobanukirwa ihame ryakazi ryinkingi zingirakamaro ningirakamaro mugutezimbere umusaruro no kunoza inzira. Muri iyi ngingo, tuzasesengura ihame ryakazi ryimikorere ya distillation inkingi, kandi twibande ku ruhare rwayo mu gutandukanya imvange.
Igitekerezo cyibanze cyo gusiba inkingi
Inkingi ya distillation ni igikoresho gikoresha ingufu zumuriro kugirango gitandukanye ivangwa ryamazi. Ihame ryakazi ryayo rishingiye ku itandukaniro ryibintu bitetse bigize ibice bivanze, kandi ibice bitandukanye bigenda bitandukana kandi bigakurwa bitandukanye binyuze mumyuka myinshi hamwe. Iyi nzira mubisanzwe igomba gusubirwamo muminara kugirango ibicuruzwa bitunganijwe neza.
Imiterere yimbere yinkingi
Kugirango twumve neza ihame ryakazi ryinkingi ya distillation, birakenewe gusobanukirwa imiterere yimbere. Inkingi zo gusibanganya zigizwe ahanini numubiri wumunara, disiki yumunara cyangwa gupakira, reboiler, condenser nibindi bice. Umubiri wumunara nuburyo nyamukuru bwinkingi ya distillation, disiki yumunara cyangwa gupakira nicyo kintu cyibanze cyo guhuza gaze-amazi, reboiler ishinzwe gushyushya amazi, na kondenseri ikoreshwa mugukonjesha gaze. Guhuza ibi bice bituma inzira ya distillation igenda neza.
Ihame ryakazi ryo gusiba inkingi
Ihame ryakazi ryinkingi ya distillation irashobora kuvunagurwa muri make kuburyo bukurikira: ikoreshwa ryingufu zumuriro kugirango zivemo kandi zihuze uruvange rwamazi muminkingi, buhoro buhoro gutandukanya ibice. By'umwihariko, imvange yabanje gushyukwa muri reboiler, imyuka irazamuka igana ku isahani yumunara cyangwa igapakira, hamwe namazi agwa kugirango habeho guhanahana ubushyuhe. Bitewe nuburyo butandukanye bwo guteka bwibice bitandukanye, ibice byo gutekesha hejuru birashoboka cyane guhurira hamwe no kugwa hamwe namazi, mugihe ibice bito bitetse bikomeza kwiyongera. Binyuze muburyo bwo guhumeka no guhunika, ibice bivanze bigenda bitandukana buhoro buhoro.
Ibyingenzi byingenzi mubikorwa byo gusiba inkingi
Nubwo ihame ryakazi rya distillation inkingi risa naho ryoroshye, mubikorwa, hariho umubare wingenzi wibintu bigira ingaruka nziza yo gutandukana. Harimo igitutu, gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, kugereranya no gukora neza. Umuvuduko n'ubushyuhe mu nkingi bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye imyitwarire yo guhumeka no guhuza ibice, mugihe igipimo cyo kugaruka kigena umubare wibintu bizenguruka mu nkingi. Ikigereranyo cyo hejuru cyane mubisanzwe bisobanura gutandukana kwinshi, ariko kandi byongera ingufu zikoreshwa. Igishushanyo nogutondekanya inkingi ya disiki cyangwa gupakira nabyo bigira ingaruka zihagije zo guhuza gaze-amazi bityo ingaruka zo gutandukana.
Inkingi zo gusiba mubikorwa bitandukanye
Ihame ryakazi ryo gusiba inkingi rikoreshwa cyane muburyo bwose bwo gukora imiti. Kurugero, mugutunganya peteroli, inkingi za distillation zikoreshwa mugutandukanya urumuri na hydrocarbone iremereye mumavuta ya peteroli. Mu nganda zimiti, inkingi za distillation zikoreshwa mugutandukanya no kweza ibintu bitandukanye bya farumasi. Tutitaye kumurima, gusobanukirwa uburyo distillation inkingi ikora nigikoresho cyingenzi mugutezimbere inzira no kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa.
Incamake
Ihame ryakazi ryinkingi ya distillation rishingiye ku itandukaniro ryibintu bitetse byibigize uruvange rwamazi, rutandukanijwe no guhumeka kwinshi hamwe. Igishushanyo nigikorwa cyibikorwa bya distillation inkingi bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubikorwa byo gutandukana bityo rero bigomba guhindurwa ukurikije ibisabwa byihariye mubikorwa bifatika. Kumenya ihame ryakazi ryumunara wa distillation ningirakamaro cyane mugutezimbere umusaruro wimiti.
Binyuze mu kumenyekanisha iyi mpapuro, ndizera ko umusomyi afite ubushishozi bwimbitse ku ihame ryakazi ryinkingi. Mugihe kizaza imyitozo yimiti, nizere ko ubu bumenyi bushobora kuguha ubuyobozi bwingirakamaro.