Izina ry'ibicuruzwa ：polyurethane

Ibicuruzwa bya molekuline structure

Ibikoresho bya shimi:

Polyurethanes yakozwe bwa mbere kandi ikorwaho iperereza na Dr. Otto Bayer mu 1937. Polyurethane ni polymer aho igice gisubiramo kirimo umuvuduko wa urethane. Urethanes ikomoka kuri acide karbamique ibaho gusa muburyo bwa est est [15]. Inyungu nyamukuru ya PU nuko urunigi rutagizwe gusa na atome ya karubone ahubwo rugizwe na heteroatom, ogisijeni, karubone na azote [4]. Kubikorwa byinganda, polyhydroxyl ivanze irashobora gukoreshwa. Muri ubwo buryo, ibinyabuzima bya azote birashobora gukoreshwa kuri amide ihuza. Muguhindura no guhindura ibice bya polyhydroxyl hamwe na azote ya azote ikora, PU zitandukanye zirashobora guhuzwa [15]. Ibisigarira bya polyester cyangwa polyether birimo amatsinda ya hydroxyl bikoreshwa mugukora polyesteror polyether-PU, [6]. Guhindagurika mumibare yabasimbuye no gutandukanya hagati no mumurongo wamashami bitanga PU kuva kumurongo kugeza kumashami na 9 idashobora gukomera. Imirongo ya PU ikoreshwa mugukora fibre no kubumba [6]. PU yoroheje ikoreshwa muguhingura ibintu hamwe no gutwikira [5]. Amashanyarazi yoroheje kandi akomeye, agizwe na PU nyinshi yakozwe, urashobora kuboneka muburyo butandukanye mu nganda [7]. Ukoresheje molekulari ntoya ya prepolymers, harashobora gukorwa kopi zitandukanye. Itsinda rya hydroxyl ryemerera kwemeza guhinduranya, bita ibice, kwinjizwa mumurongo wa PU. Guhindagurika muri ibi bice bivamo impinduka zitandukanye zingufu zingutu na elastique. Ibice bitanga icyiciro cya kristaline kandi kirimo kwagura urunigi byitwa ibice bikomeye [7]. Abatanga amorphous rubbery icyiciro kandi kirimo polyester / polyether bita ibice byoroshye. Ubucuruzi, izo polymers zo guhagarika zizwi nka Pus zigabanijwe

Gusaba:

Imiterere ya polyurethane ihindagurika cyane cyane ni umurongo ugizwe na thermoplastique, ifite ituze ryiza, irwanya imiti, kwihanganira imiterere nubukanishi kuruta ifuro ya PVC, hamwe no guhinduka gukabije. Ifite ubushyuhe bwiza, kubika amajwi, kurwanya ihungabana hamwe no kurwanya uburozi. Kubwibyo, ikoreshwa nko gupakira, kubika amajwi no kuyungurura ibikoresho. Plastike ya polyurethane iroroshye, iringaniza amajwi, iruta iyindi yumuriro, irwanya imiti, ibikoresho byiza byamashanyarazi, gutunganya byoroshye, hamwe no kwinjiza amazi make. Ikoreshwa cyane nkibikoresho byubaka mubwubatsi, ibinyabiziga, inganda zindege, kubika ubushyuhe hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro. Imikorere ya polyurethane elastomer hagati ya plastiki na reberi, kurwanya amavuta, kwihanganira kwambara, kurwanya ubushyuhe buke, kurwanya gusaza, gukomera cyane, elastique. Ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byinkweto ninganda zubuvuzi. Polyurethane irashobora kandi gukorwa mubifata, gutwikira, uruhu rwubukorikori, nibindi.