Gazprom Neft (nyuma yiswe “Gazprom”) ku ya 2 Nzeri yavuze ko kubera kuvumbura ibikoresho byinshi byananiranye, umuyoboro wa gazi ya Nord Stream-1 uzafungwa burundu kugeza igihe ibizakemuka bikemutse.Nord Stream-1 ni umwe mu miyoboro ikomeye yo gutanga gazi karemano i Burayi.Itangwa rya buri munsi rya metero kibe miliyoni 33 za gaze gasanzwe muburayi ningirakamaro mugukoresha abatuye gazi yuburayi n’umusaruro w’imiti.Kubera iyo mpamvu, ejo hazaza h’iburayi hashobora gufungwa ku rwego rwo hejuru, ibyo bikaba byaragize ingaruka zikomeye ku biciro by’ingufu ku isi.

Umwaka ushize, ibiciro bya gaze y’iburayi byazamutse cyane kubera amakimbirane y’Uburusiya na Ukraine, byiyongera kuva ku gipimo kiri munsi y’amadolari 5-6 kuri miliyoni y’ubushyuhe bw’Ubwongereza kigera ku madorari arenga 90 kuri miliyoni y’ubushyuhe bw’Ubwongereza, bwiyongera 1.536%.Ibiciro bya gaze gasanzwe mu Bushinwa nabyo byiyongereye cyane kubera iki gikorwa, hamwe n’isoko ry’umushinwa LNG, ibiciro by’isoko byiyongereye biva kuri $ 16 / MMBtu bigera kuri $ 55 / MMBtu, nabyo byiyongereyeho hejuru ya 244%.

Ibiciro bya gaze yuburayi-Ubushinwa mu mwaka 1 ushize (igice: USD / MMBtu)

Gazi isanzwe ifite akamaro kanini muburayi.Usibye gaze karemano ikoreshwa mubuzima bwa buri munsi muburayi, umusaruro wimiti, umusaruro winganda, no kubyara amashanyarazi byose bisaba gaze yinyongera.Ibice birenga 40% by'ibikoresho fatizo bikoreshwa mu gukora imiti i Burayi biva kuri gaze karemano, naho 33% by'ingufu zikoreshwa mu gutunganya imiti na byo biterwa na gaze gasanzwe.Kubera iyo mpamvu, inganda z’imiti y’iburayi zishingiye cyane kuri gaze karemano, iri mu masoko y’ingufu nyinshi.Umuntu arashobora kwiyumvisha icyo itangwa rya gaze gasanzwe risobanura inganda zi Burayi.

Nk’uko Inama y’inganda z’inganda z’ibihugu by’Uburayi (CEFIC) ibigaragaza, mu mwaka wa 2020 igurishwa ry’imiti y’iburayi rizaba miliyari 628 € (miliyari 500 z’amayero mu bihugu by’Uburayi na miliyari 128 mu Burayi busigaye), rikaba riza ku mwanya wa kabiri mu Bushinwa nk’ahantu hakorerwa cyane imiti y’imiti mw'isi.Uburayi bufite amasosiyete mpuzamahanga akomeye y’imiti, isosiyete nini y’imiti nini ku isi BASF, iherereye mu Burayi no mu Budage, ndetse na Shell, Inglis, Dow Chemical, Basel, ExxonMobil, Linde, France Air Liquide n’andi masosiyete azwi cyane ku isi.

Inganda z’imiti y’iburayi mu nganda z’imiti ku isi

Ibura ry'ingufu rizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere isanzwe y’inganda z’inganda z’iburayi, kuzamura igiciro cy’umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa by’imiti by’i Burayi, kandi bizana mu buryo butaziguye ingaruka zishobora guteza ingaruka ku nganda z’imiti ku isi.

1. Kwiyongera kw'ibiciro bya gaze gasanzwe y’iburayi bizongera igiciro cy’ibicuruzwa, bizatera ikibazo cy’imikorere kandi bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku mikorere y’inganda z’imiti.

Niba ibiciro bya gaze gasanzwe bikomeje kwiyongera, abacuruzi ba gazi y’iburayi bazakenera kurushaho kongerera imipaka, bigatuma habaho no guturika mu bubiko bw’amahanga.Kubera ko benshi mu bacuruzi mu bucuruzi bwa gaze karemano baturuka ku bakora imiti, nkabakora imiti bakoresha gaze karemano nkibikomoka ku nganda n’inganda zikoresha gaze gasanzwe nka lisansi.Niba kubitsa guturika, ibiciro byubwishingizi kubabikora byanze bikunze byiyongera, ibyo bikaba byaviramo ikibazo cyubwishingizi bwibihangange by’ibihugu by’i Burayi ndetse bikanavamo ingaruka zikomeye zo guhomba kw'ibigo, bityo bikagira ingaruka ku nganda zose z’imiti y’uburayi ndetse n’ubukungu bw’Uburayi.

2. Gukomeza kwiyongera kw'ibiciro bya gaze karemano bituma kwiyongera kw'ibiciro by’amazi ku bakora imiti, ari nako bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y’ibigo.

Niba igiciro cya gaze karemano gikomeje kwiyongera, izamuka ryibiciro fatizo ku masosiyete akora ibijyanye n’imiti y’iburayi yishingikiriza kuri gaze karemano nkibikoresho fatizo na lisansi bizamura cyane igiciro cy’amasoko y’ibikoresho fatizo, bigatuma igihombo cy’ibitabo cyiyongera.Amasosiyete menshi y’imiti y’ibihugu by’i Burayi n’inganda mpuzamahanga zikora imiti n’inganda nini, ibirindiro by’ibikorwa n’ibikorwa bikenera ibintu byinshi bisukuye kugira ngo bibatere inkunga mu gihe cy’ubucuruzi bwabo.Gukomeza kwiyongera kw'ibiciro bya gaze karemano byatumye kwiyongera kw'ibiciro byabo bitwara, byanze bikunze bizagira ingaruka mbi cyane kubikorwa by'abakora ibicuruzwa binini.

3. Gukomeza kwiyongera kw'ibiciro bya gaze karemano bizongera ibiciro by'amashanyarazi mu Burayi hamwe n'amafaranga yo gukora mu masosiyete akora imiti yo mu Burayi.

Kuzamuka kw'amashanyarazi na gaze gasanzwe bizahatira ibikorwa by’ibihugu by’i Burayi gutanga miliyari zisaga 100 z'amayero y'ingwate kugira ngo hishyurwe andi mafaranga.Ibiro bishinzwe imyenda muri Suwede byavuze kandi ko Nasdaq yo gukuraho amazu yazamutseho 1,100 ku ijana mu gihe ibiciro by'amashanyarazi bizamuka.

Inganda z’imiti zi Burayi n’abakoresha amashanyarazi menshi.Nubwo uruganda rukora imiti y’uburayi rwateye imbere kandi rukoresha ingufu nyinshi kurusha isi yose, ruracyakoresha amashanyarazi menshi mu nganda z’i Burayi.Ibiciro bya gaze gasanzwe bizamura igiciro cyamashanyarazi, cyane cyane ku nganda zikoresha ingufu nyinshi zikoresha imiti, nta gushidikanya ko izamura ibiciro by’imishinga.

4. Niba ikibazo cy’ingufu z’i Burayi kitagaruwe mu gihe gito, kizagira ingaruka ku nganda z’imiti ku isi.

Kugeza ubu, ibikomoka ku miti mu bucuruzi ku isi biri hejuru.Umusaruro w’iburayi w’ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku miti ahanini ugana muri Aziya y’Amajyaruguru y’Amajyaruguru, Aziya y’Amajyepfo y’Amajyepfo, Uburasirazuba bwo hagati na Amerika ya Ruguru.Imiti imwe n'imwe igira uruhare runini ku isoko mpuzamahanga, nka MDI, TDI, fenol, octanol, polyethylene yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, polypropilene yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, okiside ya propylene, potasiyumu chloride A, vitamine E, methionine, butadiene, acetone, PC, neopentyl glycol, EVA, styrene, polyol polyol, nibindi.

Hariho icyerekezo cyibiciro byisi no kuzamura ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa kuri iyi miti ikorerwa mu Burayi.Igiciro cyisi kubicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe biterwa nurwego rwibihe bihindagurika ryiburayi.Niba ibiciro bya gaze gasanzwe by’i Burayi bizamutse, byanze bikunze ibiciro by’umusaruro w’imiti biziyongera kandi ibiciro by’isoko ry’imiti bizamuka bikwiranye, bigira ingaruka ku biciro by’isoko ku isi.

Kugereranya impuzandengo y'ibiciro ku isoko rusange y’imiti mu Bushinwa kuva Kanama kugeza Nzeri

Mu kwezi gushize, isoko ry’Ubushinwa ryafashe iyambere mu bicuruzwa byinshi by’imiti bifite uburemere buke mu nganda z’imiti y’iburayi kugira ngo zerekane imikorere ijyanye.Muri byo, ibyinshi mu biciro mpuzandengo ya buri kwezi byazamutse umwaka-ku-mwaka, hamwe na sulferi yazamutseho 41%, oxyde ya propylene na polyether polyol, TDI, butadiene, Ethylene na Ethylene oxyde yiyongereyeho hejuru ya 10% buri kwezi.

Nubwo ibihugu byinshi byu Burayi byatangiye kwegeranya no gutangiza ikibazo cy’ingufu z’uburayi “gutabarwa” Ariko, imiterere y’ingufu z’i Burayi ntishobora guhinduka rwose mu gihe gito.Gusa binyuze mu kugabanya urwego rw’imari niho hashobora gukemurwa ibibazo by’ingutu by’ingufu z’ibihugu by’i Burayi, tutibagiwe n’ibibazo byinshi byugarije inganda z’imiti i Burayi.Biteganijwe ko aya makuru azakomeza gushimangira ingaruka ku nganda z’imiti ku isi.

Muri iki gihe Ubushinwa burimo kuvugurura imikorere n’ibikenerwa mu nganda z’imiti.Mu myaka yashize, ihiganwa ry’amasosiyete ku isi ryihuse binyuze mu kuzamuka kwinshi, kugabanya ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu mahanga biva mu mahanga.Nyamara, Ubushinwa buracyashingira cyane ku Burayi, cyane cyane ku bicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bya polyolefine bitumizwa mu Bushinwa, ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bya polymer, ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki byamanuka byoherezwa mu Bushinwa, ibikomoka kuri pulasitiki by’abana by’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi n’ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki bya buri munsi.Niba ikibazo cy’ingufu z’i Burayi gikomeje gutera imbere, ingaruka ku nganda z’imiti y’Ubushinwa zizagenda zigaragara buhoro buhoro.

Chemwinni uruganda rukora ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga mu Bushinwa, biherereye mu gace ka Shanghai Pudong, hamwe n’urusobe rw’ibyambu, ama terminal, ibibuga by’indege ndetse n’ubwikorezi bwa gari ya moshi, hamwe n’ububiko bw’imiti n’ibyangiza muri Shanghai, Guangzhou, Jiangyin, Dalian na Ningbo Zhoushan, mu Bushinwa , kubika toni zirenga 50.000 z'ibikoresho fatizo bya chimique umwaka wose, hamwe nibitangwa bihagije, ikaze kugura no kubaza.chemwinimeri:service@skychemwin.comwhatsapp: 19117288062 Tel: +86 4008620777 +86 19117288062