Ku isoko ry'Ubushinwa, inzira yo gukora ya MMA yateye imbere ku bwoko butandatu, kandi izo nzira zose zagize uruhare runini. Ariko, amarushanwa ya MMA aratandukanye cyane mubintu bitandukanye.

Kugeza ubu, hari inzira eshatu nyamukuru za MMA:

Uburyo bwa Acetone cyahhydrin (uburyo bwa ACH): Iyi ni imwe mu nzira za mbere zifata inganda, hamwe nikoranabuhanga rikuze nibikorwa byoroshye.

Uburyo bwa GoogleyneToration Etyonation: Iyi ni inzira nshya yo kubyara hamwe nuburyo bwongeye gukora neza hamwe nubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa.

Uburyo bwa Isobutene bworoshye (C4 Uburyo): Iyi ni inzira yumusaruro ukurikije injyana ya okiside ya butune, hamwe nibikoresho fatizo nibiciro byoroshye.

Hashingiwe kuri izi nzira eshatu, hari umusaruro uko ari wo wose wateye imbere kuburyo bukurikira:

Uburyo bwiza bwa ACH: Muguhitamo imiterere nibikoresho, umusaruro kandi ubuziranenge bwimisoro bwateye imbere.

Uburyo bwa Ice acetike: Iyi nzira ikoresha aside ice acide nkibikoresho fatizo, kandi ntihasohotse imyanda itatu mugihe cyo kubyara, bigatuma ibanziriza ibidukikije.

Basf na lucite gahunda, ihagarariwe cyane cyane yitwaje ibyerekeye ikigo, bakuyemo iterambere ryikoranabuhanga rishingiye ku biranga ibiranga, hamwe ninyungu nyinshi hamwe ninyungu nyinshi.

Kugeza ubu, iyi nzira esheshatu zimaze kugera ku musaruro wibice hamwe nigipimo cya toni 10000 cyangwa nyinshi mubushinwa. Ariko, amarushanwa hagati yimirimo itandukanye iratandukanye cyane nibintu nkibiranga nibiciro. Mu bihe biri imbere, hamwe no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga n'iterambere ry'isoko, ahantu harushanwa kurushanwa muri iyo nzira birashobora guhinduka.

Muri icyo gihe, ni ngombwa kuvuga ko muri Nzeri 2022, igice cyo kwerekana inganda cya Methanol Acide to Methanol Acist kuri Methacrylate yateye imbere n'Ikigo cy'ubumenyi bw'ishuri ry'Ubushinwa cyari Gutangira neza kandi bikoreshwa cyane, kandi ibicuruzwa byari bigamije bisanzwe. Iki gikoresho nicyambere cyamakara yisi ya Methanol acike kubikoresho byo kwerekana neza mma, kugera ku guhinduka kwa methacrylate imisaruro yo kwishingikiriza gusa kubikoresho bya peteroli kugirango ukoreshe ibikoresho byibanze.

Bitewe no guhindura imiterere yubuzima bwo guhatana, gutanga no gusaba ibidukikije byibicuruzwa bya MMA byarahindutse, kandi igiciro cyerekana ihindagurika rifunganye. Mu myaka ibiri ishize, igiciro kinini cy'isoko cya MMA mu Bushinwa kigeze ku 14014 Yuan / toni, n'ibiciro byo hasi ni 10000 Yuan / toni. Kuva 2023, igiciro cyisoko cya MMA cyagabanutse kugera kuri 11500 yuan / toni. Igicuruzwa cyingenzi gihagarariye Downstream ni PMMA, wagaragaje ihindagurika ryibiciro byisoko mumyaka ibiri ishize, hamwe nigiciro ntarengwa cya 17560 Yuan / toni na toni. Kugeza ku ya 2023 Kanama, igiciro kinini cy'isoko rya Pmma Igishinwa kihindagurika saa 14600 ya Yuan / toni. Twabibutsa ko biterwa nuko ibicuruzwa bya pmma murugo bigari cyane kugirango biri hagati yibirango bikonje, urwego rwibiciro rwibicuruzwa biri munsi yisoko ryatumijwe mu mahanga.

1.Utitaye ku gice cya Acetike acide, inzira yo gukora imirimo ya Ethylene yagize uruhare rukomeye mu myaka ibiri ishize.

Mu myaka ibiri ishize, inzira yo gukora imirimo ya MMA ifite irushanwa rikomeye ku isoko ry'Ubushinwa. Dukurikije imibare, igiciro cya MMA gishingiye kuri Mma nicyo cyo gucirwa bugufi kandi kigaragara nicyo gikomeye. Muri 2020, ikiguzi cya MMA gishingiye kuri MMA 5530 kuri toni, mugihe kitari urugero rwabaye 6088 Yuan kuri toni. Ibinyuranye, uburyo bwa basf bufite igiciro kinini cyo gukora umusaruro mwinshi, hamwe na MMA igiciro cya 10765 yuan kuri toni muri 20081 Yuan kuri toma kugeza muri Mutarama kugeza Kanama 2023.

Mugihe dusuzuma irushanwa ryimikorere itandukanye, dukeneye kwitondera itandukaniro ryibikoresho byibikoresho bibisi kubikoresho bitandukanye. Kurugero, ibiciro bibisi byuburyo bwa Resylene ni 0.35 rosynene, 0.84 methanol, na gaze ya synthesi, mugihe cyo gukoresha sylene ni 0.429, gukoresha synthesis ni Metero 662. Itandukaniro rihindura ibiciro byumusaruro no guhatanira ibintu bitandukanye.

Hashingiwe ku kigereranyo cy'ibiciro mu myaka mike ishize, Urutonde rwa MMA rumaze guhatanira inzira zitandukanye ni: Etyyne Uburyo> C4 Uburyo bwo Kunoza ACT> Uburyo bwa ACH> Uburyo bwa ACH> Uburyo bwa Basf. Uru rutonde rugira ingaruka ahanini nibitandukaniro mumirimo rusange mubikorwa bitandukanye.

Mu bihe biri imbere, hamwe no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga n'iterambere ry'isoko, ahantu harushanwa hashobora guhinduka. Cyane cyane utitaye kubikoresho bya acetike acide, biteganijwe ko bizakomeza gukomeza inyungu zayo zo guhatana.

2.Uburyo bwa acide mma iteganijwe kuba uburyo bwo gutanga amasoko

Ikigo gishinzwe imikorere y'Ishuri ry'Ubushinwa ryatsimbataje neza amakara ya Methanol acid acetike acide mma inganda. Igihingwa gifata methanol na acide ya acetike nkibikoresho fatizo, kandi binyuze mubikorwa bya ALWA, HYDULTINATIONS, HyDrogdenation, nibindi, bimenya umusaruro muremure wibicuruzwa bya MMA. Iyi nzira ifite iterambere ryagaragaye, ntabwo inzira ari mugufi, ariko kandi ibikoresho fatizo biva kumakara, bikaba bifite inyungu zirenze. Byongeye kandi, Xinjiang Zhongyou Puhui Technology Colongio Cologination ya Tons 110000. Bizakomeza guteza imbere no guteza imbere inganda za MMA w'Ubushinwa. Ugereranije n'imikorere gakondo ya Mama gakondo, inzira ya acetike acditike ishingiye ku bidukikije kandi iteye akamaro mu buryo bw'imibereho, kandi biteganijwe ko izabera icyerekezo cyingenzi cyinganda za MMA.

3.Hano hari itandukaniro ryingenzi mubipimo byingirakamaro mubikorwa bitandukanye

Hano hari itandukaniro ryingenzi mubipimo byashize byurwego rwa MMA utandukanye, kandi uburemere bwinriro bwimpamvu zitandukanye ku biciro bitandukanye bitewe nikoranabuhanga rifite gahunda.

Kuri ACH MMA, igiciro gihinduka kuri acetone, methanol, na Acrylonike bagize ingaruka zikomeye kubiciro byayo. Muri bo, ibiciro bihinduka ku giciro bya Acetone bifite ingaruka zikomeye ku biciro, kugera kuri 26%, mu gihe ibiciro bihinduka kuri methanol na Acrylonike bigira ingaruka kuri 57% na 18% by'ibiciro. Ibinyuranye, ikiguzi cya methanol kingana na 7% gusa. Kubwibyo, mukwiga urunigi rwagaciro rwa ACH, abantu benshi bakeneye kwishyurwa kubiciro bya acetone.

Kuri C4 uburyo MMA, isuku-isuku Isobutylene nigiciro kinini gitunguranye, kubara hafi 58% bya MMA igura. Methanol konti hafi 6% ya MMA igura. Ihindagurika ryibiciro rya Isobutene rifite ingaruka zikomeye kubiciro bya C4 Uburyo MMA.

Kuri MMA ishingiye kuri MMA, ibijyanye no gukoresha umwanya wa Ethylene kuri 85% ya MMA igiciro cyiyi nzira, niyo ngaruka nyamukuru. Ariko, twakagombye kumenya ko benshi muri Ethylene byakozwe nkibikoresho byo gufashanya, kandi gutura imbere ahanini bishingiye kubiciro byibiciro. Kubwibyo, urwego rwo guhatanira Etylene rushobora kuba rwinshi nkurwego rwo guhatanira.

Muri make, hari itandukaniro ryingenzi mubipimo byinriro mubiciro bitandukanye mubiciro muburyo butandukanye bwo gutanga umusaruro wa MMA, kandi isesengura rigomba gukorwa rishingiye kuri tekinoroji yihariye.

4.Ni ubuhe buryo bwa MMA bukora buzagira igiciro gito mugihe kizaza?

Muburyo bwikoranabuhanga ririho, urwego rwo guhangana na MMA mubice bitandukanye mugihe kizaza kizagira ingaruka cyane kubiciro bibisi. Ibikoresho fatizo bikoreshwa mu mikorere myinshi ya MMA ikubiyemo MTBE, methanol, Acetone, aside sulfuric, na Ethyne. Ibicuruzwa birashobora kugurwa cyangwa guhabwa imbere, mugihe gaze ya synthetike, umusemburo hamwe nibikoresho byubufasha, acide ya hydrocyani, aside ya hydrocyani, nibindi bikaba bitanze.

Muri bo, igiciro cya MTbe gikurikira cyane ku isoko rya peteroli neza, kandi igiciro cyamavuta cyamavuta kifitanye isano rya hafi nigiciro cyamavuta yubukorikori. Ku rubanza rw'ibibazo bitoroshye kubiciro bya peteroli bizaza, ibiciro bya MTBE nabyo biteganijwe ko byerekana icyerekezo cyo hejuru, kandi icyerekezo giteganijwe gikomera kuruta amavuta ya peteroli. Igiciro cya methanol mu isoko kihindagurika hamwe n'ibiciro by'ibiciro by'amakara, kandi biteganijwe ko bizaza bikomeza kwiyongera neza. Ariko, iterambere ryuruhererekane rwinganda ruzatera ubwiyongere bwo kwiyongera gukoresha ibiciro byo gukoresha, kandi igiciro cyibicuruzwa methanol ku isoko biteganijwe gukomeza kuzamuka.

Gutanga no gusaba ibidukikije mu isoko rya acetone birakomeye, kandi kubaka imishinga mishya ukoresheje uburyo bwa ACH burabangamiye, kandi ihindagurika ryigihe kirekire rirashobora kuba intege nke. Ethylene ahabwa ahanini imbere kandi afite ubushobozi bukomeye bwibiciro.

Kubwibyo, ukurikije uko tekinoroji yubuhanga kandi ihindagurika ryibiciro fatizo, haracyariho gushidikanya aho gahunda yo kubyaza umusaruro wa MMA izagira ikiguzi gito mugihe kizaza. Ariko, birashobora kwihagararirwa ko murwego rwa peteroli azaza, ibiciro byibikoresho fatizo nka methanol na MTBE bizamuka bihazaga kurwego rwa MMA mubice bitandukanye. Kugirango ukomeze guhatana, abakora barashobora gukenera gushaka imiyoboro yo gutanga ubukungu kandi neza, mugihe bashimangira uburyo bwo gutanga umusaruro no guhanga udushya bwo kugabanya ibiciro byumusaruro no kunoza ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa.

Incamake

Guhangana kurutonde rwibintu bitandukanye mubushinwa mugihe kizaza bizakomeza gukomera kuri gahunda ya Rothylene, hakurikiraho inzira ya ACH ishyigikira ishami rya Acrylonitrile, hanyuma imikorere ya C4. Ariko, twakagombye kumenya ko mugihe kizaza, ibigo bizatera imbere mumirongo yinganda, bizaba muburyo bwo guhatana binyuze mubiciro bike nibicuruzwa hamwe nibindi bicuruzwa bya shimi.

Impamvu yatumye uburyo bwa Rethylene buzakomeza gukomera biterwa no kuboneka kwa royone mbisi, bikaba biranga igice kinini cyangiza ibikorwa bya MMA. Ariko, bigomba kwerekanwa ko Ethylene nyinshi itangwa imbere, kandi urwego rwarwo rufite agaciro ntirushobora kuba hejuru nkurwego rwo guhatanira.

Uburyo bwa ACH bufite irushanwa rikomeye iyo bahujwe nishami rya Acrylonitrile, cyane cyane Isobutylene nkibiciro byingenzi bya mma, mugihe uburyo bwa ACH bushobora gutanga isuku nini ya Isobutylene nkibiciro byinshi, bityo bigabanya ibiciro .

Guhangana kwimikorere nka C4 uburyo bufite intege nke, cyane cyane kubera ihindagurika ryibiciro byibimenyetso byayo isbutane na acrylonike ya isobane mumikorere ya MMA.

Muri rusange, uburyo bwo guhatanira ibikorwa bya MMA mugihe kizaza buzaba ku bigo bitera imbere mu rutonde rw'inganda, binyuze mu biciro bike n'ibindi bikoresho bishyigikira PMMA cyangwa ibindi bicuruzwa. Ibi ntibishobora kugabanya gusa umusaruro no kunoza ibikoresho byo guhatanira ibicuruzwa, ariko nanone neza kubona isoko.