Uribuka melamine?Nibyamamare "amata yifu yinyongera", ariko igitangaje, irashobora "guhinduka".

Ku ya 2 Gashyantare, impapuro z’ubushakashatsi zasohotse muri Nature, ikinyamakuru mpuzamahanga cy’ubumenyi mpuzamahanga, kivuga ko melamine ishobora gukorwa mu bikoresho bigoye kuruta ibyuma kandi byoroshye kuruta plastiki, abantu bakaba batunguwe.Uru rupapuro rwasohowe n'itsinda riyobowe n'umuhanga mu bya siyansi uzwi cyane witwa Michael Strano, umwarimu mu ishami ry’ubuhanga mu bya shimi mu kigo cy’ikoranabuhanga cya Massachusetts, naho umwanditsi wa mbere yari mugenzi we w’iposita Yuwei Zeng.

Bavuga ko bitiriwe Uwitekaibikoresho muriYashizwe muri melamine 2DPA-1, polymer-ebyiri-yonyine yiteranya mumpapuro kugirango ikore ibintu bito cyane ariko bikomeye cyane, byujuje ubuziranenge, byatanzweho patenti ebyiri.

Melamine, bakunze kwita dimethylamine, ni kirisiti ya monoclinic yera isa n'amata p

Melamine ntabwo iryoshye kandi irashobora gushonga gato mumazi, ariko no muri methanol, formaldehyde, acide acike, glycerine, pyridine, nibindi. Ntishobora gushonga muri acetone na ether.Nibyangiza umubiri wumuntu, kandi Ubushinwa na OMS byasobanuye ko melamine itagomba gukoreshwa mugutunganya ibiryo cyangwa inyongeramusaruro, ariko mubyukuri melamine iracyafite akamaro kanini nkibikoresho fatizo byimiti n’ibikoresho fatizo byubaka, cyane cyane mu marangi, lacques, amasahani, ibifunga nibindi bicuruzwa bifite porogaramu nyinshi.

Inzira ya molekuline ya melamine ni C3H6N6 naho uburemere bwa molekile ni 126.12.Binyuze mu miti y’imiti, dushobora kumenya ko melamine irimo ibintu bitatu, karubone, hydrogène na azote, kandi ikubiyemo imiterere y’impeta ya karubone na azote, kandi abahanga muri MIT basanze mu bushakashatsi bwabo ko izo molekile za melamine zishobora gukura ku bipimo bibiri mu buryo bukwiye imiterere, hamwe na hydrogène ya hydrogène muri molekile izashyirwa hamwe, ikore muburyo buhoraho Ihuza rya hydrogène muri molekile rizashyirwa hamwe, bigatuma riba ishusho ya disiki muburyo buhoraho, kimwe nuburyo bwa mpande esheshatu zakozwe na graphene-ebyiri. , kandi iyi miterere irahagaze neza kandi irakomeye, melamine rero ihindurwamo urupapuro rwohejuru rwohejuru rwibice bibiri byitwa polyamide mumaboko yabahanga.

Strano yavuze ko ibikoresho na byo bitoroshye gukora, kandi birashobora gukorwa mu buryo bwihuse kugira ngo bikemuke, aho filime 2DPA-1 ishobora gukurwaho nyuma, bigatanga inzira yoroshye yo gukora ibintu bikomeye cyane ariko byoroshye ku bwinshi.

Abashakashatsi basanze ibikoresho bishya bifite modulus ya elastique, igipimo cyingufu zisabwa kugirango zihindurwe, zikubye inshuro enye kugeza kuri esheshatu kurenza ikirahuri kitagira amasasu.Basanze kandi nubwo ari kimwe cya gatandatu cyinshi nkicyuma, polymer ifite inshuro ebyiri imbaraga zumusaruro, cyangwa imbaraga zisabwa kumena ibikoresho.

Undi mutungo wingenzi wibikoresho ni ukwirinda kwayo.Mugihe izindi polymers zigizwe numunyururu uhindagurika ufite icyuho aho gaze ishobora guhungira, ibikoresho bishya bigizwe na monomer zifatanije nka blok ya Lego na molekile ntishobora kugera hagati yazo.

Ibi bidufasha gukora ibishishwa bya ultra-thin birwanya rwose amazi cyangwa gaze kwinjira ”, abahanga.Ubu bwoko bwa bariyeri bushobora gukoreshwa mu kurinda ibyuma mu modoka no mu zindi modoka cyangwa mu byuma. ”

Noneho abashakashatsi barimo kwiga uburyo iyi polymer yihariye ishobora kubumbwa mumpapuro ebyiri-muburyo burambuye kandi bagerageza guhindura molekile yayo kugirango bakore ubundi bwoko bwibikoresho bishya.

Biragaragara ko ibi bikoresho byifuzwa cyane, kandi niba bishobora gukorwa cyane, bishobora kuzana impinduka zikomeye mumashanyarazi, ikirere, hamwe no gukingira ball ball.Cyane cyane mubijyanye n’imodoka nshya zingufu, nubwo ibihugu byinshi biteganya guhagarika ibinyabiziga bya lisansi nyuma ya 2035, ariko ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu biracyari ikibazo.Niba ibi bikoresho bishya bishobora gukoreshwa mubijyanye n’imodoka, bivuze ko uburemere bwibinyabiziga bishya byingufu bizagabanuka cyane, ariko kandi bikagabanya gutakaza ingufu, bizamura mu buryo butaziguye urwego rwimodoka nshya.