Acetoneni ibara ritagira ibara, rihindagurika hamwe numunuko ukomeye.Ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zinyuranye, nk'ubuvuzi, peteroli, imiti, n'ibindi. Acetone irashobora gukoreshwa nk'umuti wogusukura, ukora isuku, gufatisha, gusiga irangi, n'ibindi. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzatangiza gukora acetone.

Kubika ingoma ya Acetone 

 

Umusaruro wa acetone urimo intambwe ebyiri: intambwe yambere ni ugukora acetone ivuye muri acide ya acetike kugabanya catalitike, naho intambwe ya kabiri ni ugutandukanya no kweza acetone.

 

Mu ntambwe yambere, acide acike ikoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo, na catalizator ikoreshwa mugukora reaction ya catalitike kugirango ibone acetone.Cataliseri ikoreshwa cyane ni ifu ya zinc, ifu yicyuma, nibindi. Inzira ya reaction niyi ikurikira: CH3COOH + H2CH3COCH3.Ubushyuhe bwa reaction ni 150-250, kandi igitutu cya reaction ni 1-5 MPa.Ifu ya zinc nifu yicyuma bisubirwamo nyuma yo kubyitwaramo kandi birashobora gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi.

 

Intambwe ya kabiri, imvange irimo acetone iratandukanijwe kandi irasukurwa.Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo gutandukanya no kweza acetone, nkuburyo bwa distillation, uburyo bwo gukuramo, uburyo bwo kuvoma, nibindi. Muri byo, uburyo bwo gusibanganya nuburyo bukoreshwa cyane.Ubu buryo bukoresha ingingo zitandukanye zibira kugirango ubitandukanye no kubitandukanya.Acetone ifite aho itetse hamwe numuvuduko mwinshi wumuyaga.Kubwibyo, irashobora gutandukanywa nibindi bintu mukuyungurura munsi yikirere kinini mubushyuhe buke.Acetone yatandukanijwe noneho yoherejwe muburyo bukurikira kugirango irusheho kuvurwa.

 

Muri make, umusaruro wa acetone urimo intambwe ebyiri: kugabanya catalitike ya acide acetike kugirango ubone acetone no gutandukana no kweza acetone.Acetone ni ibikoresho byingenzi bya chimique muri peteroli, imiti, imiti nizindi nganda.Ifite intera nini ya porogaramu mubice byinganda nubuzima.Usibye uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru, hari ubundi buryo bwo gukora acetone, nkuburyo bwa fermentation nuburyo bwa hydrogenation.Ubu buryo bufite umwihariko wabwo nibyiza mubikorwa bitandukanye.


Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-18-2023